Private practice, Newark, Ohio, 1847-1862
Mayor, Newark, Ohio, 1856-1857
State representative, Ohio, 1857-1862; served as speaker and as minority leader
U.S. Army major general, 76th Ohio Infantry, 1862-1866
Private practice, Mobile, Alabama, 1866-1867
Private practice and cotton planter, Montgomery, Alabama, 1867-1868
Chancellor, Middle Chancery Division, Alabama, 1868-1869
Allotment as Circuit Justice:
Fifth Circuit, January 10, 1881-May 14, 1887