18
FEDERAL' REPORTER,
vol. 57. ,',
Clounty c6url;.' " Itilil sufficient that t,Q.e rules 'iJlvoked in behalf have been violated, and, entitle it to dismissal., and that the excuses offered by the plaintiff, by way of objections, all favor such disposition. 1 Desty, Fed. Proc. § 113. The plaintiff cannot claim to hold her cause for hearing in both courts, and, under the circumstances shown, must take dismissal here. . It.is so ordered, at plaintiff's cost. CITY OF OARLSBAD et al. v. W.T. THAOKERAY &00. (Oircuit Oourt, N. D. illinois, N. D. August 10, 1891.) TRADE-MARKS AND TRADE·NAMES-CARLSBAD SALTS.
The city of Carlsbad, Bohemia., sole owner of the celebrated mineral springs of that city, having for 50 years been engaged in the business of ·the waters, and selling the salts thus obtained under the names ,"Oarlsbad Salts" and "Carlsbad Sprudel Salts," is entitled to an Injunctlon·to restrain other parties from using these words, even with thewol'd "Artificial" added thereto, as names for' artificial salts containing the same chemical elements, although the artificial salts may be superior to the natural product.
In Equity. Bill by the city of Carlsbad and others against W. T. Thackeray & Co. to restrain respondent from infringing complainants' trade-marks. Decree for complainants. A. M. Gerstlet and Jerome Carty, for complainants. John G. Elliott, for ·defendant. BLODGETT, District JUdge. By the bill in this case, complainants charge that the city of Carlsbad, situated in Bohemia, in the -empire of Anstria, is the sole owner of the celebrated mineral springs of said city, and has for many years been engaged in the business of evaporating the waters of said springs, and thereby producing the essential salts contained in them, and from which said waters derive their peculiar medical qualities and value, and has put said salts upon the market under the name1il of "Carlsbad . Sprudel," "Carlsbad Salts," and "Carlsbad Sprud-el oalts," and that such salts have become widely known by such names, and are understood to mean and indicate salts obtained from the natural waters of the springs so owned by the city of Carlsbad. That defendhas engaged in the business of making artificial salts, and putting them upon the market, and offering them for sale, by the name1il and designations of "Carlsbad Sprudel" and "Carlsbad Sprudel (Artificial,)" which salts are not made from the natural waters of the Carlsbad Springs, but, by reason of the name "Carlsbad" being used, are calculated to deceive purchasers and thus injure the business of the complainant and also impose upon the public. An injunction is prayed, restraining defendant ·from making and selling any artificial salts as "Caribad Salts" 01' as "Carlsbad Sprudel," and from llSing the word "Carlsbad" as thede1ilignation Of the defendant's salts. Defendant is a corporation doing business in the city ()f. Chicago, and on the hearing ,of the motion for the injunctiooU admitted that
CITY OF CARLSBAD 'Ii. W. T. THACKE¥Y & CO.
tt
is engaged in makiD,g and selling artificial· salts which are labeled and designated by the names of "Carlsbad. Sprndel" and Sprudel Salts," and that upon some of the lab.els the word "Artificial" is printed in brackets after the word "Carlsbad." Affidavits are also produced in behalf of defendant tending to show that the chemical constituents of the Carlsbad waters have long been publicly known, from rep()l·ts of chemical analysis .made by eminent chemists, which have been widely published by the complainants, and those interested in the sale of their salts; that the essential chemical elements of the waters, as well as their therapeutic quality, is treated of in well-known medical works and medical journals; and that the word "Carlsbad," as applied to salts, has come to mean and imply a salt containing the chemical elements of the Carlsbad waters, the same as the name "Epsom Saltl:i," and "Glauber Salts" indicate, in the medical nomenclature, salts which contain certain chemical combinations. The proof shows that the salts made by complainants from these natural waters, and labeled "Carlsbad Sprudel," etc., have been on the market for over 50 years, and there can be no doubt, from the proof, that their wide reputation arises from the fact that they are known to be the product of the natural waters of the Carlsbad springs, whose healing qualities are a matter of general notoriety. There can be no doubt that the city of Carlsbad, being the manufacturer of these salts, had the to indicate their origin by its own name, to the same extent that a natural person would have such right; and it is equally clear to my.mind that no other manufacturer of salts, even of the same chemical elements, has the right to put them on the market in the complainants' name. The complainants' salts are not only made in Carlsbad, but are made by Carlsbad, and no. one else has the right to use the name of Carlsbad as a designation of salts obtained from the Carlsbad waters. The mere fact that skilled chemists can combine the constituents of those salts so as to make a more or less perfect imitation of them does not justify defendant in trading upon the reputation which has been established for complainants' goods. I have no doubt that the eminent chemist, Dr. Haines, whose affidavit is filed here by defendant, would, on the mention of the words "Carlsbad Sprudel," know just what kind of salts were meant, and the constituent elements of them; but that fact does not make complainants' name public property, and allow every one to affix it as a designation or label to salts of his own make, his manufacture may contain, so far as chemistry can determine, the same chemical constituents as complainants' salts. The terms "Carlsbad Sprudel Salts" mean more than a mere combination in certain nroportions of certain chemical elements. They mean an article produced by the complainant from the Carlsbad waters. Nor does the addition of the word "Artificial" by the defendant to its label enable the to escape from the charge of wrongfully availing i'ffielf of complainants' name and reputation. The word. is so placed as not specially to attract attention. In
to
J'EDERAL REPORTER,
vol. 57.
purchaser woUld only .ask for'OarlsbadSprudel, the package done up in wrapping paper;· thus giving Jio.' for examination until the purchaser lindoes it for use, when it would likely be too late to correct the mistake. Nor does the claim that these artificial salts made by defendant are in. fac.t better than those made by complaiJiant, owing to the fact that the natural spring waters vary from time to time in. the proportions of mineral constituents, avail as a defense, as complainant has the right to the benefit of the good will and trade it has established for its own product, and if defendant can produce a better article it should do so on the credit of its own name, and not on the good name of the complainant. An injunction will be ordered as prayed. FIRST NAT. BANK OF SHEll'FIELD et al. (Circuit Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit. No. 109.
v. TOMPKINS.
May 22, 1893.)
L
VENDOR'S LIEN - NOTICE - INNOCENT PuRCHABER KNOWLEDGE OF PRESIDENT.
NOTICE TO A BA:rm:-
Where a bank acquires title to real estate by conveyance from its president, )Vho held the land under a deed reciting full payment of the purchase money, and it has no actual knOWledge that the purchase money was not in fact paid, it is an innocent purchlUler without notice, and is not chargeable with constructive notice because of the knowledge of its presIdent.
S.
SAME-NoTICE-WHAT CONSTITUTES.
A C()nversation by a grantor with a director of a. bank, in which the former states that he is willing to convey a half interest in certain land to the pl'esident of the bank, with the understanding that such president was to deed the whole interest to the bank, and that the president or the bank was to pay him by giving him credit upon notes then runulng o.gainst him in the bank, does not amount to notice to the director that the grantor intends to retain a vendor's lien, but rather imports a notice that no such lien is to be retained.
Appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for the North· ern Division of the Northern District of Alabama. In Equity. Bill by Henry B. Tompkins against the First National Bank of Sheffield, Ala., and Charles D. Woodson to enforce and forecloaeo a velldo'l"s lien. Defendant Woodson having died pending the suit, Richard W. Austin, administrator, was substituted iu his stead. Decree foo.- oomplainant. Defendants appeal. Reversed. David D. Shelby, for appellants. R. C. Brickill, (Brickill, Semple & Gunter, on the brief,) for appellee. Before PARDEE and McCORMICK, Circuit Judges, and TOUIr MIN, District Judge. PARDEE, Circuit Judge. On the 15th December, 1889, the appellee filed a bill in the circuit court against the appellants to