96 OSBORN fJ. JUDD
and others.
«(h'rcult Oourt, 8. D. N61JJ York. November 20, 1886.) PATENT!! roB INvENTIONS-INFRINGEMENT-PRELIMINARY INJUNCTIONs-BAN-
A preliminary injunction will not be granted to restrain the infringement of a "design for a banner rod, consisting of a conventional imitation of a straight twig with the bark, aud slantingly cut ends;" the section which relates to patents demanding, it may be supposed, the 6xQl'Cise of more genius than IS exhibited by it. ·
NER
RoD.
Motion for a Preliminary Injunction against the infringement of a design patent. Denied. Joshua Pusey, for complainant. Briesen d: Steele, for defendants. SHIPMAN, J. This is a motion for a preliminary injunction against the infringement of a design patent. The design is sufficiently stated in the claim, which is as follows: "The design for a banner rod, herein shown and described, the same consisting of a conventional imitation of a straight twig with the bark on, and slantingly cut ends. " I have great doubt whether there is anything which shows genius, or which indicates the work of an inventive mind, and therefore whether there is anything patentable in merely making a banner rod to imitate measurably a straight twig with the bark on. This natural and simple design for a banner rod would, I think, readily suggest itself to the upholsterer. There is so much reason to suppose that the section which relates to design patents demands the exercise of more genius than is exhibited in the patented design that the motion should be denied.
UNION PAPER-BAG MAOHINE Co. and others Co. and others.
V.
STANDARD PAPEB-BAG
(Oilrcuit Oourt, D. Massachusetts.· November 28,1888.) PATENTS FOB INVENTIONS-INFRINGEMENT-PAPER-BAG MACHINES.
Claims 8, 10, and 18 of reissued letters patent No. 8.857, July 80, 1878. for improvements in paper-bag machines, by opening the end of a tubular blank, and forming the first or diamond fold thereof by means of the conjoint action of two adjacent moving surfaces. these surfaces consisting of two revolving rollers into which the blank is fed. the lower roller drawing the free or lipped end of the blank in one direction, while the other roller, moving in another direction, pulls the other side of the blank by the seam connecting it with the preceding blank, this operation extending the mouth of the bag into a diamond fold shape, held not to be infringed by defendant's machine, which has only one roller, and no second divergent moving roller; the fold not being formed by the conjoint action of two diverging moving surfaces.
UNION PAPER-nAG MACHINE co. 11. STANDARD PAPER-BAG 00.
97
In Equity. George Harding and M. B. Philipp, for complainants. Ohauncey Smith, for defendants. COLT, J.This suit is brought for infringement of reissued letters patent No. 8,357, dated July 30, 1878, granted to Alfred Adams and Byron B. Taggert, as assignees of Charles B. Stillwell, for improvements in paper-bag machines. Three claims are involved in the present controversy,-the eighth, tenth, and thirteenth. Claim 8 is as follows: .. (8) As an improvement in the art of forming satchel-bottomed paper bags by machinery, the method hereinbefore set forth, of opening the end of a tubular blank, and forming the firllt fold thereof, by means of the conjoint action of two adjacent diverging mOVing surfaces, substantially such as described, between which the blankis continuously fed, and to which surfaces the contiguous sides of the blank are caused temporarily to conform as they move over said surfaces by means SUbstantially such as described, whereby the fold is formed, whilll the blank is in motion, simply by the strain upon the paper itself,"
The tenth claim is like the eighth, with the addition of a compressor which presses the fold upon the blank. The thirteenth claim embraces the various operations of the Stillwell machine, whereby bags are formed from a tubular blank while passing continuously through the machine. The improvements of Stillwell relate to satchel-bottomed bags, which, when opened, have a rectangular bottom, so they will stand alone. In the present suit we are specially concerned with the improvement in the means for making the primary or diamond fold. By the conjoint action of two adjacent divergent moving surfaces the diamond fold is formed while the blank i:3 continuously fed. These moving surfaces are in the form of two revolving rollers, into which the blank, when partially cut, is fed. The lower roller, by means of pins or grippers, draws the free or lipped end of the blank in one direction, while the other roller, moving in another direction, pulls the other side of the blank by the seam connecting it with the preceding blank. This operation extends the mouth of the bag into a diamond fold shape. The fpld is then pressed between the upper roller and a third roller called the pressor." In defendants' machine there is one roller which draws away one side of the blank, and forms, or partially forms, a diamond fold on that side. At the same time a spear-pointed acting conjointly with this roller, helps to bring the other side of the blank into shape; so that, when the blank passes through the second pair of rollers, the diamond fold is completed by the compression of the paper on itself. In this machine there is no second divergent moving roller, and the fold is not formed by the conjoint action of two diverging moving surfaces. v.29F.no.2-7
98
FEDERAL REPORTER.
It is urged that the supporting plates near the separator, and the lower rollers, 1 and 2, of· the defendants' machine, aot as a second diverging moving surface. I cannot concur intbis view. The formation of the diamond fold by the conjoint action of two diverging moviIlgsurfaces. being the essenoe of the eighth claim, and the defendants not making their diamond fold by the employment of two suoh agencies, there can be no infringement. The ,means for making the, aiamond fold forming one of the elements. of the tenth and thirteenth claims, it follows that there is no infringement of those ' claims. Bill dismissed, with oosts.
THE AUR.!NIA .Um THE RlllPUBLIC. t OCEA.NIC STEAM NAV.
Co., Limited, v. THE AURANIA..
CUNARD S. S. Co., Limited,v. THE REPUBLIC. (Distriet (lourt, S. D. 1
New
YO'l'k. October 27,1886.)
COLLIl'ltON-'-Two STEAM,SHIPs-FAIRWAy-GEDNEy's CHANNEL.
In the afternoon of September 19, 1885, as the steam-ships Aurania, of the Cunard Line, and the Rerublic, of the White Star Line, were proceeding out to sea from the harbor 0 New York, they came into collision near Gedney's channel, the stem of the Republic striking the port quarter of the Aurania. Tb.e Aurania was but slightly injurlld, and contInued her voyage. The Republic had her whole stem carried. a.way to port, and was obliged to return to New ·York. where she was repaired. at an alleged expense of $35,000. Crosssuitsha.ving been brought by the owners for the damages respectively sustained by the vessels, it, was held that both were in fault for the collision. COURSES SLIGH'I'LY
2.
SAME-VESSELS .ABOUT ABEAM -..:bNE DRAWING AHEAD CONVERGIN<r-CROSSING' OR OVERTAKING RULE.
, At the titne when whistles were properly exchanged between them,-i. e., when they were about a half mile apart and two miles from the Fairway buoy, which marks the entrance to Gedney's channel over thebar,-the vessels were on courses converging by at least three points. Their difference in speed. as deduced from careful computati9ns, was not more than from one and two.tenths to one and five-tenths knots, and, it being found, therefore, upon very conflicting testimony. that each bore from two to three points forward of the other's beam, held, that in such a situation neither was an "overtaking" vessel; they were crossing vessels, under the sixteenth rule, and the Republic, leaving the Aurania on her starboard hand, was bound to keep out of the way, and was in fault for not doing so; CLOSE ApPROACH- UNCHANGED
8.
SAME"""; LARGE VESSELS - HIqH SPEED COURBEs-IMPRUDEl':'T N",VIGATION.
From the evidence it appeared that the vessels, immediately prior to the collision. were sailing on courseS converging by not more than one and onehalf They were nOt distant from each other than from 250 to: 800 feet, and the apparent of conrse, which c,ansed the stem of the Republic to strike the Auranfa, while it might have been caused by porting, , through miscalculation or misapprehension of an order to starboard, was inore probably caused by the effect of the south wind acting upon the stern of the
I
Reported by Edward G. Benedict, Esq., of the New York bar.